What level is Senior Data Engineer at Amazon?

Senior Data Engineer maps to L6 on Amazon's engineering ladder. This is an individual contributor level; expectations focus on independent technical leadership and cross-team influence.

How much does a Amazon Senior Data Engineer in London make?

Based on 23 offer samples covering 2021-2026, Amazon Senior Data Engineer in London sees $181K at the 25th percentile, $217K at the median, and $262K at the 75th percentile, median base $153K and median annual equity $73K. Typical experience range: 8-14 years..

Does Amazon actually hire data engineers in London?

Yes, Amazon maintains a London office and hires Senior Data Engineer data engineers there. Team assignment may be office-locked or global; confirm with the recruiter before the loop.

How is the Senior Data Engineer loop different from other levels at Amazon?

The rounds look similar, but the bar calibrates to seniority. Senior Data Engineer is evaluated on independent technical leadership and cross-team influence. Questions at this level probe independent system design and cross-team influence.

How long should I prepare for the Amazon Senior Data Engineer interview?

Plan for 8-10 weeks of prep if you're already a working DE. Under 4 weeks rushes the behavioral prep, which takes the most time.

Does Amazon interview data engineers differently than software engineers?

They differ meaningfully. Amazon's DE loop has heavier SQL, replaces the general system-design with a data-specific one (pipelines, warehouse design), and expects production data ops experience.

Interview Guide · 2026

Amazon Senior Data Engineer Interview in London (L6)

Amazon (L6) Senior Data Engineer loop: Leadership Principles woven into every round, with a Bar Raiser holding veto power. Bar at this level: independent technical leadership and cross-team influence. Typical 5-8 years of data engineering experience. This guide covers the London (London, UK) hiring office, including local compensation bands and market context.

Compensation

$120K–$150K base • $202K–$273K total (L6)

Loop duration

4.8 hours onsite

Rounds

6 rounds

Location

London, UK

Compensation

Amazon Senior Data Engineer in London total comp

Across 23 samples

Offer-report aggregate, 2021-2026. Level mapped: L6. Typical experience: 8-14 years (median 11).

25th percentile

$181K

Median total comp

$217K

75th percentile

$262K

Median base salary

$153K

Median annual equity

$73K

Median total comp by year

2024

$252K n=5

2025

$198K n=8

2026

$259K n=4

3 currently open senior data engineer postings in London.

Tech stack

What Amazon senior data engineers actually use

Across 3 open roles

What Amazon currently advertises as required for data engineer roles in London. Chips link into tool-specific interview guides.

AWS3EMR3Glue3Hadoop3 Hive3Java3Kinesis3Lambda3Python3 Redshift3S33Scala3 Spark3 SQL3SQS1

Round focus

Domain concentration by round

Across 3 job descriptions

Per-round concentration of each domain in Amazon's interview, derived from the skills emphasized across 3 current senior data engineer postings. Higher bars mean more questions of that type in that round.

Online Assessment

Python89%

SQL39%

Architecture15%

Modeling3%

Phone Screen

SQL66%

Python66%

Architecture31%

Modeling9%

Onsite Loop

Architecture67%

Modeling33%

Python29%

SQL28%

Practice problems

Amazon senior data engineer practice set

4 problems

Amazon senior data engineer practice set, mapped from predicted domain emphasis. Tap into any problem to work it in the live environment.

Pythonmedium~5 min

The New Arrivals

Given a list, return a list of the same length where position i is the count of distinct values among values[0..i] inclusive.

Open in practice environment→

Modelinghard~40 min

Content Engagement Data Model

We run a large social content platform. Creators publish posts (text, images, video). Users engage through views, reactions, comments, and shares. The product team needs a data model to power dashboards for content virality, creator performance, and feed ranking signals. Data visualization is also required. Sketch how a virality chart would query this model.

Open in practice environment→

Architecturemedium~25 min

The Revenue That Was Wrong for Two Weeks

Our transformation layer has grown to over 200 models, and we're seeing silent data quality failures slip into production reports. The data team wants a pipeline design that enforces quality gates, prevents bad models from promoting downstream, and gives analysts confidence in the output. Design the pipeline.

Open in practice environment→

Pythoneasy~5 min

Type Caster

Given a list of values, return a new list where each element is the result of int(value). Any element that raises when cast becomes None instead. Preserve input order.

Open in practice environment→

Try itTop 2 sellers by revenue in each marketplace

Classic DE round opener. Window function + partition. Edit to tweak the threshold.

top_sellers.sql

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WITH seller_totals AS (
  SELECT marketplace, seller_id, SUM(amount) AS revenue
  FROM seller_orders
  GROUP BY marketplace, seller_id
),
ranked AS (
  SELECT marketplace, seller_id, revenue,
    DENSE_RANK() OVER (
      PARTITION BY marketplace ORDER BY revenue DESC
    ) AS rk
  FROM seller_totals
)
SELECT marketplace, seller_id, revenue
FROM ranked
WHERE rk <= 2
ORDER BY marketplace, revenue DESC;
WITH seller_totals AS (
  SELECT marketplace, seller_id, SUM(amount) AS revenue
  FROM seller_orders
  GROUP BY marketplace, seller_id
),
ranked AS (
  SELECT marketplace, seller_id, revenue,
    DENSE_RANK() OVER (
      PARTITION BY marketplace ORDER BY revenue DESC
    ) AS rk
  FROM seller_totals
)
SELECT marketplace, seller_id, revenue
FROM ranked
WHERE rk <= 2
ORDER BY marketplace, revenue DESC;

Click Run to execute. Edit the code above to experiment.

London, UK

Amazon in London

Largest European DE market. Comp is materially lower than US metros but higher than anywhere else in Europe. Visa sponsorship is routine for senior roles.

Offers in London typically trail the reference band by around 35%, reflecting a lower cost of living. For international candidates, Amazon routinely sponsors work permits for senior data engineer hires in London. London candidates run the same loop as global peers; the differences show up in team assignment and local comp calibration.

The loop

How the interview actually runs

01Recruiter screen

30 min

Logistics, team fit, and a light Leadership Principle question. Recruiters confirm seniority expectations before booking the loop. Misalignment here can downlevel the loop.

→Have a 60-second pitch that names 2-3 concrete data systems you've built
→Confirm the team. Amazon has hundreds of DE teams across AWS, Retail, Ads, Alexa, Prime Video, Pharmacy
→Ask about the comp band early to avoid end-of-loop misalignment

02Technical phone screen

60 min

One SQL problem, one Python or pipeline design problem, and 10-15 min of Leadership Principle questions. The SQL is harder than the Online Assessment, expect multi-step window functions or self-joins.

→Narrate approach before writing code. Amazon grades process, not just the final answer
→Name the LP before telling the story
→Prepare at least 2 stories per LP; follow-ups probe a third story on the same theme

03Onsite: SQL deep-dive

60 min

Two to three SQL problems with escalating difficulty, usually in Amazon contexts (seller performance, order fulfillment, inventory). Ends with 10 min of LP questions.

→Practice window functions across large partition cardinalities
→Be ready to rewrite correlated subqueries as joins and vice versa
→When asked about optimization, mention partition pruning and columnar storage

04System design (pipeline architecture)

60 min

Design a production pipeline end-to-end: ingestion, transformation, storage, consumers, SLAs, failure modes, backfill strategy, and cost trade-offs. At senior level, you drive the conversation without prompting. Expect follow-ups about scale, cross-team coordination, and operational load.

→Anchor on the SLA and data shape before diagramming
→Discuss idempotency, partitioning, and backfill explicitly
→Estimate cost: 'This pipeline will cost roughly $X/month at this volume'

05Onsite: Bar Raiser

60 min

An interviewer from outside the hiring team with veto power. Heaviest on Leadership Principles, with one harder technical problem. Tests whether you raise Amazon's hiring bar.

→Bring a story where you were wrong and had to change course
→Quantify impact: cost saved, latency reduced, users affected
→If you don't know something, say so. Fabricating kills the loop faster than any technical gap

Level bar

What Amazon expects at Senior Data Engineer

Independent technical leadership

Senior DEs drive pipeline designs without engineering manager involvement. Interviewers probe whether you can decompose ambiguous requirements, make architecture trade-offs, and defend your choices under scrutiny.

Cross-team coordination

Senior scope regularly spans multiple teams. Expect scenarios about a downstream team missing an SLA because of a change you made, or negotiating a schema migration with the team that owns the upstream source.

Production operational rigor

Fluent in on-call, alerting, data quality checks, and incident response. Dive-deep stories at this level should include correlating a metric drop to a specific commit or a timezone bug or a subtle ordering issue, not 'I looked at the logs.'

Amazon-specific emphasis

Amazon's loop is characterized by: Leadership Principles woven into every round, with a Bar Raiser holding veto power. Calibrate your preparation to that, generic FAANG prep will not close the gap on company-specific expectations.

Behavioral

How Amazon frames behavioral rounds

Dive Deep

The most relevant LP for data engineers. Amazon wants DEs who trace anomalies through 3+ layers of the stack instead of patching symptoms.

“Tell me about a time you found a data quality issue that others had missed.”

Ownership

You built it, you own it, including on-call and long-term maintenance. Ownership extends beyond your explicit scope when dependencies break.

“Describe a situation where you went beyond your role to solve a problem.”

Bias for Action

Speed beats perfection. Amazon wants DEs who ship V1 in 2 weeks rather than a perfect solution in 3 months.

“Tell me about a time you made a decision without having all the information.”

Earn Trust

Trust comes from delivery and transparency. Bar Raisers test whether you can admit mistakes and communicate setbacks without spinning.

“Tell me about a time you delivered bad news to a stakeholder.”

Prep timeline

Week-by-week preparation plan

8-10 weeks out

Foundations and gap analysis

·Do 10 medium SQL problems. Note which patterns feel slow
·Write out 2-3 behavioral stories per value, Amazon weights this round heavily
·Read Amazon's public engineering blog for recent architecture patterns
·Review your prior production work, pick 3-5 projects you can discuss in depth

6 weeks out

SQL and coding fluency

·Practice window functions until DENSE_RANK, ROW_NUMBER, LAG, LEAD are reflex
·Do 20+ Amazon-style problems in their domain
·Time yourself: 25 min per medium, 35 min per hard
·Record yourself narrating approach aloud, communication is graded

4 weeks out

Pipeline system design

·Design 5 pipelines on paper: daily aggregation, clickstream, CDC, ML feature store, real-time alerting
·For each, write SLA, partition strategy, backfill plan, and cost estimate
·Practice with a friend, senior-level system design is 50% driving the conversation
·Review Amazon's open-source and engineering blog for in-house patterns

2 weeks out

Behavioral polish and mock loops

·Rehearse every story out loud. Cut to 2-3 minutes each
·Run 2 full mock loops with a senior DE or coach
·Identify your 3 weakest behavioral areas and draft additional stories
·Review recent Amazon news or earnings call for fresh talking points

Week of

Taper and logistics

·No new content. Review your notes only
·Sleep. Mental energy matters more than one more practice problem
·Confirm logistics: laptop charged, shared-doc tool tested, snack and water nearby
·Remember: the loop is rooting for you to raise the bar, not to fail

Related interview guides

Amazon Senior Data Engineer (global guide)→Amazon Junior Data Engineer in London→Amazon Data Engineer in London→Amazon Staff Data Engineer in London→Amazon Principal Data Engineer in London→Amazon Senior Data Engineer in Seattle→Amazon Senior Data Engineer in Washington DC→Amazon Senior Data Engineer in New York→Amazon Data Engineer Salary→Data Engineer Interview Prep (hub)→

FAQ

Common questions

What level is Senior Data Engineer at Amazon?: Senior Data Engineer maps to L6 on Amazon's engineering ladder. This is an individual contributor level; expectations focus on independent technical leadership and cross-team influence.
How much does a Amazon Senior Data Engineer in London make?: Based on 23 offer samples covering 2021-2026, Amazon Senior Data Engineer in London sees $181K at the 25th percentile, $217K at the median, and $262K at the 75th percentile, median base $153K and median annual equity $73K. Typical experience range: 8-14 years..
Does Amazon actually hire data engineers in London?: Yes, Amazon maintains a London office and hires Senior Data Engineer data engineers there. Team assignment may be office-locked or global; confirm with the recruiter before the loop.
How is the Senior Data Engineer loop different from other levels at Amazon?: The rounds look similar, but the bar calibrates to seniority. Senior Data Engineer is evaluated on independent technical leadership and cross-team influence. Questions at this level probe independent system design and cross-team influence.
How long should I prepare for the Amazon Senior Data Engineer interview?: Plan for 8-10 weeks of prep if you're already a working DE. Under 4 weeks rushes the behavioral prep, which takes the most time.
Does Amazon interview data engineers differently than software engineers?: They differ meaningfully. Amazon's DE loop has heavier SQL, replaces the general system-design with a data-specific one (pipelines, warehouse design), and expects production data ops experience.

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Published 2026-04-20Updated 2026-04-20